So Hamlet's first drag on Claudius is also a drag on Danish culture, which DF1 Claudius has complained about, but still participates in. Claudii can be played in a variety of ways, from drunk most of the time (I’m looking at you, Robert Shaw Claudius) to mostly fine, but it’s canon that the heavy drinking is just something Danish kings are expected to do and there’s even a little ceremony around it.
Tell us how you really feel, Hamlet! It’s actually an interesting passage to read into, from a Claudius apologist perspective. It’s comparing Denmark’s alcohol problem to the way a single flaw can condemn an otherwise good man. But Hamlet will continue harping on this one flaw, don’t you worry about it.
There’s a slightly subtler dig in the ‘too, too sullied flesh’ monologue
Satyrs are associated with drunkenness and lustfulness, and Hamlet is attributing both those qualities to Claudius. Dionysian!Claudius2 foreshadowing?
Another subtle one depends on the production – Hamlet says to Horatio
But what is your affair in Elsinore?
We’ll teach you to drink deep ere you depart.
which could be sincere, but I’ve seen more than one Hamlet say it sarcastically in reference to the king’s wassailing.
And then there’s this exchange which I love:
It’s so sassy. It’s also some great humors humor. The wordplay here is that distemper can either mean a bad mood or an illness (Claudius uses it elsewhere in the play to refer to Hamlet’s madness), so Hamlet is basically being like ‘oh, did he drink himself sick again? :D’ And when Guildenstern goes ‘no, I mean he’s pissed off,’ Hamlet deliberately misunderstands again as ‘oh, too much choler, that sounds like a problem for his doctor.’ Purgation is the treatment of humor imbalance through blood-letting or cathartics to get rid of the excess of humors. So, like, he could try blood-letting his uncle but he doesn’t think it would help. What a scamp.
Hamlet continues to drag his uncle even when he’s deciding not to kill him.
He’s just like ‘ugh I’ll just wait until the next time he’s drunk, it’s going to happen eventually.’
It’s kind of funny (I mean not funny haha) when you think about it! Because Hamlet ultimately kills his uncle by force-feeding him wine. And the whole ceremony with the wine is an example of the kind of custom that Hamlet thinks is better honored in the breach than the observance. Claudius lays it out and there are kettledrums and trumpets and everything.
So you could say Hamlet was saved by not participating in Danish drinking culture, since Hamlet puts by the chalice when it’s offered to him. Except, you know. We all know it doesn’t save him. I guess to be more accurate, it gets his mother killed? I’m not sure there’s a lesson here.